Masu zanga-zangar sun shiga zanga-zangar adawa da gwamnatin Jamus da ke shirin rage ayyukan inganta wutar lantarki a birnin Berlin a ranar 5 ga Maris, 2012. REUTERS/Tobias Schwarz
BERLIN, Oktoba 28 (Reuters) - Jamus ta nemi taimako daga Brussels don farfado da masana'antar sarrafa hasken rana da inganta tsaro a kungiyar kamar yadda Berlin ke fama da illar dogaro da man fetur na Rasha fiye da kima, tana kokarin rage dogaro da fasahar China.
Har ila yau, tana mayar da martani ne kan wata sabuwar dokar Amurka da ta haifar da damuwa ga ragowar masana'antar hasken rana da ke da rinjaye a Jamus na iya komawa Amurka.
Da zarar shugaban duniya da ya kafa ikon amfani da hasken rana, masana'antar sarrafa hasken rana ta Jamus ta durkushe bayan shawarar da gwamnati ta yanke shekaru goma da suka gabata na rage tallafin da ake ba masana'antar cikin sauri fiye da yadda ake tsammani ya sa yawancin kamfanonin hasken rana ficewa daga Jamus ko kuma suka shiga rashin kuɗi.
Kusa da gabashin birnin Chemnitz a cikin abin da aka fi sani da Saxony's Solar Valley, Heckert Solar na daya daga cikin rabin dozin da suka tsira da ke kewaye da masana'antun da aka yi watsi da su wanda manajan tallace-tallace na yankin Andreas Rauner na kamfanin ya bayyana a matsayin "lalacewar zuba jari".
Ya ce, kamfanin, wanda yanzu shi ne babban na'urar samar da hasken rana a Jamus, ko kuma na'urar samar da wutar lantarki, ya yi nasarar shawo kan tasirin gasar kasar Sin da gwamnatocin jihohi ke yi, da kuma asarar tallafin da gwamnatin Jamus ta samu ta hanyar zuba jari mai zaman kansa da ma'amalar abokan ciniki daban-daban.
A shekara ta 2012, gwamnatin Jamus mai ra'ayin mazan jiya ta lokacin ta yanke tallafin hasken rana saboda buƙatun masana'antun gargajiya waɗanda fifikon man fetur, musamman shigo da iskar gas ɗin Rasha mai arha, ya gamu da cikas sakamakon rushewar samar da wutar lantarki bayan yakin Ukraine.
"Muna ganin yadda abin ke haifar da mutuwa lokacin da samar da makamashi ya dogara gaba daya ga sauran 'yan wasan kwaikwayo.Tambaya ce ta tsaron kasa,” Wolfram Guenther, karamin ministan makamashi na Saxony, ya shaida wa kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters.
Yayin da Jamus da sauran kasashen Turai ke neman madadin hanyoyin samar da makamashi, wani bangare don rama batan kayayyakin da Rasha ke bayarwa da kuma wani bangare don cimma muradun yanayi, sha'awar sake gina masana'antar da a cikin 2007 ke samar da kowace kwayar rana ta hudu a duniya.
A cikin 2021, Turai ta ba da gudummawar 3% kawai ga samar da samfurin PV na duniya yayin da Asiya ke da kashi 93%, wanda China ta ba da kashi 70%, rahoton da cibiyar Fraunhofer ta Jamus ta samu a watan Satumba.
Har ila yau, samar da Sinawa yana kusan 10% -20% mai rahusa wanda a cikin Turai, keɓancewar bayanai daga Majalisar Masana'antar Solar Turai ta ESMC ta nuna.
JIHAR UNITED KUMA KISHIYAR KARFI
Sabuwar gasa daga Amurka ta ƙara kira a Turai don neman taimako daga Hukumar Tarayyar Turai, zartarwar EU.
Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai a watan Maris ta yi alkawarin yin “duk abin da ya kamata” don sake gina karfin Turai don kera sassan da za a yi amfani da hasken rana, biyo bayan mamayar da Rasha ta yi wa Ukraine da kuma matsalar makamashi da ta tada.
Kalubalen ya karu bayan da aka sanya hannu kan dokar rage hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ta Amurka a cikin watan Agusta, wanda ke ba da lamuni na haraji na kashi 30% na farashin sabbin masana'antu ko haɓakawa waɗanda ke haɓaka abubuwan haɓaka makamashi.
Bugu da ƙari, yana ba da kuɗin haraji ga kowane ɓangaren da ya cancanta da aka samar a cikin masana'antar Amurka sannan a sayar.
Damuwar da ke akwai a Turai ita ce hakan zai kawar da yuwuwar saka hannun jari daga masana'antunta na cikin gida.
Dries Acke, darektan tsare-tsare a kungiyar masana'antu ta SolarPower Turai, ya ce hukumar ta rubutawa Hukumar Tarayyar Turai takardar neman daukar mataki.
Dangane da mayar da martani, Hukumar ta amince da kawancen masana'antar hasken rana ta EU, wanda aka shirya za a kaddamar a watan Disamba, da nufin cimma sama da gigawatts 320 (GW) na sabbin kayan aikin photovoltaic (PV) a cikin kungiyar nan da shekarar 2025. Wannan ya kwatanta da jimillan. An shigar da 165 GW ta 2021.
"Kungiyar za ta yi taswirar samun tallafin kuɗi, jawo hannun jari masu zaman kansu da sauƙaƙe tattaunawa da daidaitawa tsakanin masu samarwa da masu ɓarna," in ji Hukumar ta Reuters a cikin imel.
Bai fayyace adadin kudade ba.
Har ila yau Berlin tana matsawa don ƙirƙirar tsarin masana'antar PV a Turai mai kama da Ƙungiyar Batir EU, Sakataren Ma'aikatar Tattalin Arziƙi Michael Kellner ya shaida wa kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters.
Ana ganin kawancen baturi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa sarkar samar da wutar lantarki a Turai.Hukumar ta ce za ta tabbatar da cewa Turai za ta iya biyan kusan kashi 90% na buƙatun batura da ake samarwa a cikin gida nan da shekarar 2030.
Ana sa ran bukatar hasken rana a halin yanzu zai ci gaba da girma.
Sabbin tsare-tsaren daukar hoto na wurin zama na Jamus sun karu da kashi 42% a farkon watanni bakwai na shekara, bayanai daga kungiyar wutar lantarki ta kasar (BSW) sun nuna.
Shugaban kungiyar Carsten Koernig ya ce yana sa ran bukatar ta ci gaba da karfafa har karshen shekara.
Ba tare da la'akari da yanayin siyasa ba, dogaro ga kasar Sin yana da matsala kamar yadda guraben wadatar kayayyaki, ke kara tabarbarewa da manufar sifiri-COVID na Beijing, ya ninka lokutan jira don isar da kayan aikin hasken rana idan aka kwatanta da bara.
Zolar mai samar da makamashin hasken rana na mazaunin Berlin ya ce umarni ya karu da kashi 500 cikin 100 na shekara tun bayan yakin Ukraine a watan Fabrairu, amma abokan ciniki na iya jira na tsawon watanni shida zuwa tara don shigar da tsarin hasken rana.
Alex Melzer, shugaban zartarwa na Zolar ya ce "A zahiri muna iyakance adadin abokan cinikin da muke karba."
'Yan wasan Turai daga ƙetaren Jamus suna jin daɗin damar don taimakawa rufe buƙatun ta hanyar farfado da kwarin Solar na Saxony.
Meyer Burger na Switzerland a bara ya buɗe tsarin hasken rana da tsire-tsire a Saxony.
Babban jami'in kamfanin, Gunter Erfurt, ya ce har yanzu masana'antar na bukatar wani takamaiman abin kara kuzari ko kuma wata manufa ta siyasa idan har ana son taimakawa kasashen Turai su rage dogaro da shigo da kayayyaki.
Ko da yake yana da kyau, musamman tun bayan isowar sabuwar gwamnatin Jamus a bara, inda 'yan siyasar Green ke rike da muhimman ma'aikatun tattalin arziki da muhalli.
"Alamomin masana'antar hasken rana a Jamus suna da yawa, sun fi kyau yanzu," in ji shi.
Lokacin aikawa: Nov-01-2022